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Brhadaranyaka Upanisad
Chapter Five
V. 1
1. That is full; this is full;
Fullness comes forth from fullness:
When fullness is taken from fullness,
Fullness remains.
OM. 'Brahman is space (kha), ancient space, airy space': so the son of Kauravydyani used to say. This is the Veda that the Brahmanas know. By it one knows what is to be known.
V. 2
1. The descendants of Prajapati, of three kinds, gods, human beings and demons, lived as brahmacarins with their father Prajapati. When they had completed their studentship, the gods said, 'Teach us, father.'
He spoke to them the syllable DA. 'Did you understand?'
'We understood,' they said. 'You told us, "Be self-controlled (damyata)."
'OM,' he said. 'You understood.'
2. Then the human beings said to him, 'Teach us, father.'
He spoke to them the same syllable DA. 'Did you understand?'
'We understood,' they said. 'You told us, "Give (datta)."
'OM,' he said. 'You understood
3. Then the demons said to him, 'Teach us, father.'
He spoke to them the syllable DA. 'Did you understand?'
'We understood,' they said. 'You told us, "Be compassionate (dayadhvam)."
'OM,' he said. 'You understood.'
This is what the divine voice that is thunder repeats: DA DA DA, 'Be self-controlled! Give! Be compassionate!' One should practice this set of three, self-control (dama), giving (dana), and compassion (daya).
V. 3
1. The heart (hrdaya) is Prajapati: it is brahman: it is all. It has three syllables: hr-da-yam. Hr is one syllable: his own and other people bring (abhi-hr-) gifts to the one who knows this. Da is one syllable: his own and other people give (da-) to the one who knows this. Yam is one syllable: the one who knows this goes (i?) to a heavenly world.
V. 4
1. That is that. This was that-truth. The one who knows the great, firstborn wonder that truth is brahman-wins the worlds. Could he ever be conquered, the one who knows the great, firstborn wonder-that truth is brahman- For truth is brahman.
V. 5
1. In the beginning the waters were all this. The waters created truth; truth, brahman; brahman, Prajapati; and Prajapati the gods. The gods worship truth (satya). It has three syllables: sa-ti-yam. Sa is one syllable. Ti is one syllable. Yam is one syllable. Truth is in the first and the last syllable, falsehood in the middle: so falsehood is surrounded on both sides by truth, and becomes truth. Falsehood does not harm the one who knows this.
2. What truth is, the sun is. The person who is in its circle and the person who is in the right eye are supported on one another. That one rests on this one through its rays, and this one rests on that one through its breaths.
When one is about to depart, one sees that circle pure. The rays do not come to one again.
3. The head of the person in that circle is BHUH: the head is one, and that is one syllable. His arms are BHUVAH: the arms are two, and that is two syllables. SVAH is his support: the supports (pratistha) are two and that is two syllables (su-ah). His inner name (upanisad) is 'day (ahar)'. The one who knows this destroys and gets rid of evil.
4. The head of the person in the right eye is BHUH: the head is one, and that is one syllable. His arms are BHUVAH: the arms are two, and that is two syllables. SVAH is his support: the supports are two and that is two syllables. His inner name is 'I (aham)'. The one who knows this destroys and gets rid of evil.
V. 6
1. The person made of mind, the light, the true, is inside the heart, like a rice-grain or a barleycorn. He is the ruler of everything, the overlord of everything: he controls all this, whatever there is.
V. 7
1. They say, 'Lightning is brahman.' It is called lightning (vidyut) because it cuts free (vi-do?). It cuts free from evil the one who knows in this way that lightning is brahman: for lightning is brahman.
V. 8
1. One should worship speech as a milch-cow. She has four udders: the sound SVAHA, the sound VASAT, the sound HANTA, and the sound SVADHA. The gods live on two of her udders, the sound SVAHA and the sound VASAT; human beings on the sound HANTA; and the ancestors on the sound SVADHA. Breath is her bull, mind her calf.
V. 9
1. The fire which is within a person is that which is in all men, by which the food that is eaten is digested. It is its sound that one hears when one covers one's ears like this. When one is about to depart, one does not hear this sound.
V. 10
1. When a person goes forth from this world, he comes to the air. It parts there for him like the hole in a chariot-wheel, and he goes up through it. He comes to the sun. It parts there for him like the hole in a tabor, and he goes up through it. He comes to the moon. It parts there for him like the hole in a drum, and he goes up through it. He comes to a world without sorrow, without snow, and he lives there for eternal years.
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