SACRED SYMBOLS
Their Use In Sacraments And Worship


Bells of various shapes are used in worship. The ringing of bells in a temple of church is a call to pray and surrender to divinity.

Panchapatri - a mini drum-like beaker which holds water or milk and is used with the achamani. The walls of this container are decorated with various motifs in copper and silver. Both the panchapatri and achamani can be made of silver.
Ghanta - a bell made of brass, copper or silver is used during rituals or while singing aartis.
Kalash - a full pot on which a coconut and a sprig of mango leaves is placed, is a popular representation of god.
Tamhan - a metal platter to receive the water used during rituals is part of the rites of worship.
Shankh - a large conch shell is worshipped as a symbol of Vishnu. It is blown at rituals to propitiate god.
Prasad - cooked food offered to god is called Pacca Khana and cannot contain onions and garlic.
In most homes and temples, this is strictly vegetarian food.
Panchamrit, used for ritual baths of deities, is made by mixing equal parts of milk, yoghurt, sugar, honey and ghee. Fruits, dryfruits or cooked food offered to god is known as naivedya and when distributed to devotees is called prasad. Holy water distributed at a puja is called tirth.

Prasad is offered as blessed food. Flowers and incense are widely used for decoration in rituals.

Phool - each deity also has its own favourite flower. For rituals, blooms are chosen for their colour, fragrance and beauty. Leaves of various trees and plants which are considered holy are also used. Garlands are made in innumerable designs and torans decorate doors of homes or temples on festive days.
Dhoop - attar, joss sticks or agarbattis, camphor, sandalwood paste and saffron are used extensively in worship both as an offering as well as to create a sweet atmosphere.

Shankh or a conch, is blown at auspicious moments. Its sound is symbolic of the divine power to destroy evil.

Other puja materials - kumkum (vermilion), haldi (turmeric), sindoor (lead oxide), abir and gulal are used for annointing the deities. Holy rice or akshata, is made by mixing rice, kumkum and a little water. Coconuts, betel leaves and nuts are offered both to god and to honoured guests at festive worship. Rangoli designs in predetermined and often intricate patterns and colours are drawn for specific puja rituals.

Embellishments of worship are used for creating beauty and serenity





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